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Business Formation Report | October 2025

Downward trend indicator

Month over Month Change

468,462

New US Business Formations

Upward trend indicator

Year over Year Change

Key Takeaways

In a first look at new business formation trends in October 2025, here’s what we’re seeing.

  • Amid the government shutdown, DC businesses were on the rise in October.
  • New businesses nationwide fell about 6% from September, with 37 states seeing declines in October.
  • Montana business formations were up 158% compared to October of 2024.
  • After a brief September slump, Wyoming rebounded, surpassing 20,000 formations for the second time this year.

October 2025 Continues Split From 2024’s Trend

Until early fall, 2025’s business formation pace tracked 2024’s pattern, only at a higher level. September marked the first real break: filings climbed rather than dipping as they did this time last year. In October, the split continued—October 2024 saw formations rise, but in 2025 they’re down by 6%.

Amid Shutdown, DC Businesses are on the Rise

In the first data on new business formations available since the start of the government shutdown, new business new business formations in the District of Columbia are on the rise. More than 1,400 new companies were formed in DC in October, up 13% from September.

Montana and Wyoming Show Big Gains in 2025

Business formations in Montana continue to rise dramatically—new businesses are up 158% compared to this time last year, marking the most growth by far out of any state. The Pandemic brought a population boom to Montana. While the high rates of population growth have since leveled out, Montana’s business growth continues to climb.

Business formations in Wyoming have zigzagged since July’s unexpected drop. August showed a sharp rebound, topping 20,000 filings for the first time in the history of this report, only for September to slump again. October offers little respite from the up-and-down, with formations again pushing past the 20,000 mark. Wyoming’s strong privacy protections and business-friendly regulatory environment make it a popular choice for both out-of-state and international business owners. Volatile trends in the state could signal uncertainty beyond the Cowboy State.

Nationwide Formation Metrics

468462

New Business Formations

-5.7%

Month over Month Change

9%

Year over Year Change

Location
New Businesses Oct 2025
New Businesses Sept 2025
% Change Sept v. Oct
New Businesses Oct 2024
% Change Oct 2024 v. Oct 2025
12 Month Avg. Nov 2024-Oct 2025
Alabama 3323 2984 11% 2918 14% 3432
Alaska 972 2984 -9% 1021 -5% 1006
Arizona 10379 13936 -26% 9626 8% 11239
Arkansas 2542 3495 -27% 2917 -13% 3112
California 34008 36472 -7% 33573 1% 36736
Colorado 15788 14702 7% 14208 11% 15222
Connecticut 4544 4665 -3% 4273 6% 4588
District of Columbia 1411 1248 13% 1386 2% 1404
Delaware 26411 29431 -10% 25750 3% 26688
Florida 55850 59071 -5% 47722 17% 55964
Georgia 20277 19745 3% 18459 10% 19976
Hawaii 1833 1810 1% 2067 -11% 2063
Idaho 2933 3536 -17% 3166 -7% 3542
Illinois 12168 13487 -10% 12273 -1% 13206
Indiana 8248 7774 6% 7570 9% 7925
Iowa 3165 3490 -9% 3423 -8% 3247
Kansas 2743 3237 -15% 2728 1% 3000
Kentucky 6282 6130 2% 4213 49% 5427
Louisiana 4899 4810 2% 4742 3% 4880
Maine 1179 1379 -15% 1341 -12% 1397
Maryland 6786 7491 -9% 5178 31% 7281
Massachusetts 5892 5990 -2% 5520 7% 5831
Michigan 11249 12298 -9% 9729 16% 12075
Minnesota 5643 6350 -11% 5883 -4% 6464
Mississippi 3981 4459 -11% 3707 7% 4181
Missouri 9300 8977 4% 8082 15% 8687
Montana 6300 5865 7% 2445 158% 5363
Nebraska 1631 1854 -12% 1854 -12% 1873
Nevada 1968 5329 -7% 5061 -2% 5275
New Hampshire 652 622 5% 1579 -59% 862
New Jersey 13996 15523 -10% 13419 4% 14135
New Mexico 3475 4017 -13% 3477 0% 3913
New York 21042 22109 -5% 20370 3% 21756
North Carolina 14010 15352 -9% 13237 6% 13646
North Dakota 726 1008 -28% 635 14% 1054
Ohio 13673 13429 2% 12134 13% 13251
Oklahoma 4945 5442 -9% 5029 -2% 5067
Oregon 4928 6014 -18% 5342 -8% 5581
Pennsylvania 11366 12421 -8% 11357 0% 12029
Rhode Island 1212 1340 -10% 1050 15% 1226
South Carolina 8655 7960 9% 7194 20% 7928
South Dakota 1259 1424 -12% 1225 3% 1343
Tennessee 5948 6721 -12% 5955 0% 6451
Texas 36272 38541 -6% 35319 3% 37212
Utah 4410 6081 -27% 4432 0% 5914
Vermont 728 1001 -27% 947 -23% 908
Virginia 11232 11689 -4% 10177 10% 11284
Washington 8408 9942 -15% 8343 1% 9385
West Virginia 1537 1647 -7% 1479 4% 1579
Wisconsin 5258 5425 -3% 5073 4% 5457
Wyoming 20025 17756 13% 11333 77% 17566

Compare States

New Businesses

    Business Owner Survey | Nationwide

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    About the New Business Formation Report

    Because Registered Agents Inc files more business formations than any other provider in the US, our systems regularly track monthly business formations in every state. In our New Business Formations Report, we make that data free to economists, journalists, policymakers, and industry stakeholders every month.

    Our report is the most recent data available on business formations in the US, and the only report that breaks down new entities by state. Unlike the US Census Bureau report, our report tracks every new formation in every state, including entities that never apply for an EIN or pay payroll taxes.

    Learn more about how the New Business Formations Report compares to US Census Bureau Business Statistics.

    An abstract image of a gauge, a stack of papers, and a graph.

    How to Use this Report

    The New Business Formations Report captures business owners at the paperwork stage. Every time someone forms a legal entity at the state level, we count it as one business formation. Our data is drawn from state-level secretary of state or equivalent agencies’ databases and collected here. When considered in tandem with other sources and industry trends, business formation data can help policymakers, journalists, and founders with the following:

    Anticipate Regional Shifts

    Following upticks or dips in new business formations across the country can help spot trends that may indicate economic health in different regions. This can provide insight into emerging industries and investment opportunities.

    Assess Policy Impact in States

    A sharp increase or decrease in business creation that coincides with recent policy change can reveal the impact of local regulatory changes and help policymakers assess whether policies drive or hinder economic development.

    Gauge Economic Confidence

    Our report captures entrepreneurs at the “paperwork stage” of starting a business. This is one of the earliest stages of the business journey, indicating economic optimism and confidence. 

     

    Our Data Vs. The U.S. Census Bureau Data

    The RAI New Business Formations Report and the U.S. Census Bureau Business Formation Statistics both track business formation trends across the country. Each report captures the data at a different stage in the process.

    • The U.S. Census Bureau tracks businesses that apply for EINs and later go on to pay payroll taxes.
    • The RAI New Business Formations Report tracks every entity formed at the state level.

    Because the U.S. Census Bureau only tracks EIN filings, the statistics the agency reports do not capture a complete picture of business formations in the country. A large portion of new businesses never obtain an EIN or go on to hire employees, and these businesses are not counted by the U.S. Census Bureau.

    A graphic depicting how the RAI data closely tracks the U.S. Census Bureau data.

    We Capture All Business Formations

    The RAI New Business Formations Report counts all new business entities. Each time someone takes the step to file formation paperwork with their state’s secretary of state or equivalent agency, our report counts that as one formation. This is regardless of whether or not the business goes on to apply for an EIN and pay payroll taxes.

    Note: Our data is based on the most recent numbers available. As state agencies begin to report more accurate data, we may update some numbers.

    We Release The Most Recent Data

    Our data is available the second Tuesday of every month and covers the most recent month. Because there is often a lag between the time someone forms an entity and applies for an EIN, our numbers reflect a more up-to-date snapshot than the statistics offered by the U.S. Census Bureau. Our report reflects the number of new businesses formed the previous month, every month.

    We Break Down Formations by State

    Our report is the only report available that breaks down business formations in the previous month by state. Rather than providing a federal-level count of EIN applications, we provide a state-by-state breakdown of new entities, which can allow insight into regulatory impacts, regional booms, and the effects of population growth, among other trends.

    Learn more about Registered Agents Inc.

    Frequently Asked Questions

    Who creates the Business Formation Report?

    A team of data analysts, software engineers, customer service representatives and writers at Registered Agents Inc works together to compile the Business Formation Report each month.

    Where does the data in the Business Formation Report come from?

    Business formation data is collected from the Secretary of State or equivalent agency of each state, when it becomes available.  Customer sentiment data is collected directly from clients to provide snapshot of economic outlook.

    Is this report politically affiliated?

    No. At Registered Agents Inc, we have one mission: to support small business owners at every step of their journey. Our mission, and the ways in which we fulfill it, is independent of any political leanings. We have no affiliation with political parties or politically driven groups.

    Can I access past reports?

    Yes! You can access monthly Business Formation Reports going back to September of 2024. Check out our Newsroom.

    How should I interpret regional or seasonal fluctuations in business formation volumes?

    Interpreting data requires a nuanced approach that cross-references other data points or resources. For example, fluctuations could be affected by policy changes, GDP growth, consumer confidence, interest rates, market demand, and even the weather.

    Why do so many businesses file in Wyoming? 

    Many remote businesses choose to file in Wyoming because the state offers strong privacy protections. Wyoming is one of the few states in the country where LLC owners do not have to list their names and addresses on the public record (if they hire a registered agent).

    Why are so many businesses formed in Delaware? 

    Delaware is a popular state to start a business in for a few reasons. First, it has strong privacy protections, allowing owners to start a business without listing their personal information on the public record. Secondly, there’s no state corporate income tax on income earned out of state. This benefits businesses operating outside of Delaware, but incorporated within the state.

    What does the report consider a business formation? 

    Every time someone files Articles of Organization or Incorporation with their state business division, we count that as one business formation.

    Unlike the US Census Bureau Business Statistics report, we do not differentiate between business entities that go on to hire employees and file payroll taxes. We count every entity formed, so our numbers include holding companies, single-member LLCs, and non-employer businesses.

    Questions? Get in Touch!

    Published: November 10, 2025