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Business Formation Report | November 2025

Downward trend indicator

Month over Month Change

467,098

New US Business Formations

Upward trend indicator

Year over Year Change

Key Takeaways

  • Business formations are still outpacing 2024—November rose 22% year over year.
  • Washington, D.C. fell 19% from October, a drop likely tied to the federal shutdown’s immediate ripple effects.
  • During the federal shutdown, business owners we surveyed reported delaying hiring and expansions.

Shutdown Impact: A Short, Shallow Dip

Twenty-nine states show reduced November formations, which aligns with the federal government’s extended shutdown. About half of the business owners we surveyed paused hiring or contractor work, while roughly a third reported higher uncertainty or postponed major decisions and launches.

Even so, the drag on formations was limited. Filings dipped only modestly from October as founders kept moving in the wake of the shutdown.

Non-Election Year Surge

Formations are up 22% versus last November. Some of that lift may be a rebound from election-year “wait and see” behavior, when policy uncertainty delays filings. However, that correlation may not mean causation, and the overall trend looks strong on its own.

Business Owners Are Optimistic, But Conservative

Most owners we surveyed in November are optimistic about the next 12 months. In the wake of the federal shutdown, many are taking a careful posture, deferring bigger bets like hiring or expansion, but new formations and core operations are still moving forward.

Nationwide Formation Metrics

467098

New Business Formations

-1%

Month over Month Change

22%

Year over Year Change

Location
New Businesses Nov 2025
New Businesses Oct 2025
% Change Oct v. Nov
New Businesses Oct 2024
% Change Nov 2024 v. Nov 2025
12 Month Avg. Dec 2024-Nov 2025
Alabama 3808 3323 15% 3630 5% 3664
Alaska 1046 1242 -16% 820 28% 1079
Arizona 8762 9070 -3% 8836 -1% 11446
Arkansas 3408 3368 1% 2420 41% 3276
California 37330 36017 4% 27456 36% 38804
Colorado 13348 14989 -11% 12765 5% 15387
Connecticut 4707 5162 -9% 4081 15% 4896
Delaware 27477 26411 4% 22055 25% 27140
District of Columbia 1278 1579 -19% 1147 11% 1422
Florida 52751 55850 -6% 43280 22% 57736
Georgia 18598 20635 -10% 16408 13% 20403
Hawaii 1839 1064 73% 1753 5% 2032
Idaho 2865 3287 -13% 2946 -3% 3581
Illinois 13508 14060 -4% 11033 22% 13696
Indiana 7463 8248 -10% 6697 11% 8129
Iowa 2277 3165 -28% 2941 -23% 3233
Kansas 3496 2743 27% 2459 42% 3147
Kentucky 6539 6282 4% 4406 48% 5961
Louisiana 4307 4752 -9% 3960 9% 4959
Maine 1250 1179 6% 1204 4% 1441
Maryland 6887 6786 1% 6224 11% 7500
Massachusetts 5031 5997 -16% 4680 8% 5902
Michigan 10548 11249 -6% 9271 14% 12285
Minnesota 5539 5643 -2% 5126 8% 6526
Mississippi 3794 3981 -5% 3341 14% 4228
Missouri 6682 7058 -5% 6881 -3% 8590
Montana 6464 6300 3% 4009 61% 5595
Nebraska 1138 1631 -30% 1463 -22% 1856
Nevada 5143 6166 -17% 4420 16% 5520
New Hampshire 652 652 0% 1451 -55% 839
New Jersey 13029 13996 -7% 11832 10% 14275
New Mexico 3450 3619 -5% 3288 5% 4225
New York 19238 22293 -14% 18538 4% 22050
North Carolina 14306 14010 2% 10871 32% 14117
North Dakota 847 726 17% 814 4% 1062
Ohio 14414 13854 4% 10829 33% 13731
Oklahoma 5112 5764 -11% 3629 41% 5314
Oregon 5099 4928 3% 4677 9% 5645
Pennsylvania 12850 11366 13% 9873 30% 12340
Rhode Island 975 1212 -20% 963 1% 1238
South Carolina 6545 8164 -20% 6153 6% 8023
South Dakota 1217 1259 -3% 1078 13% 1362
Tennessee 6120 5948 3% 5303 15% 6576
Texas 38476 36272 6% 29831 29% 38089
Utah 4973 4496 11% 3731 33% 5121
Vermont 810 995 -19% 783 3% 979
Virginia 12112 11232 8% 8948 35% 11639
Washington 8375 8408 0% 7093 18% 9585
West Virginia 1036 1283 -19% 1249 -17% 1561
Wisconsin 5204 6019 -14% 4484 16% 5933
Wyoming 24615 20025 23% 13005 89% 19160

Compare States

New Businesses

    Business Owner Survey | Nationwide

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    About the New Business Formation Report

    Because Registered Agents Inc files more business formations than any other provider in the US, our systems regularly track monthly business formations in every state. In our New Business Formations Report, we make that data free to economists, journalists, policymakers, and industry stakeholders every month.

    Our report is the most recent data available on business formations in the US, and the only report that breaks down new entities by state. Unlike the US Census Bureau report, our report tracks every new formation in every state, including entities that never apply for an EIN or pay payroll taxes.

    Learn more about how the New Business Formations Report compares to US Census Bureau Business Statistics.

    An abstract image of a gauge, a stack of papers, and a graph.

    How to Use this Report

    The New Business Formations Report captures business owners at the paperwork stage. Every time someone forms a legal entity at the state level, we count it as one business formation. Our data is drawn from state-level secretary of state or equivalent agencies’ databases and collected here. When considered in tandem with other sources and industry trends, business formation data can help policymakers, journalists, and founders with the following:

    Anticipate Regional Shifts

    Following upticks or dips in new business formations across the country can help spot trends that may indicate economic health in different regions. This can provide insight into emerging industries and investment opportunities.

    Assess Policy Impact in States

    A sharp increase or decrease in business creation that coincides with recent policy change can reveal the impact of local regulatory changes and help policymakers assess whether policies drive or hinder economic development.

    Gauge Economic Confidence

    Our report captures entrepreneurs at the “paperwork stage” of starting a business. This is one of the earliest stages of the business journey, indicating economic optimism and confidence. 

     

    Our Data Vs. The U.S. Census Bureau Data

    The RAI New Business Formations Report and the U.S. Census Bureau Business Formation Statistics both track business formation trends across the country. Each report captures the data at a different stage in the process.

    • The U.S. Census Bureau tracks businesses that apply for EINs and later go on to pay payroll taxes.
    • The RAI New Business Formations Report tracks every entity formed at the state level.

    Because the U.S. Census Bureau only tracks EIN filings, the statistics the agency reports do not capture a complete picture of business formations in the country. A large portion of new businesses never obtain an EIN or go on to hire employees, and these businesses are not counted by the U.S. Census Bureau.

    A graphic depicting how the RAI data closely tracks the U.S. Census Bureau data.

    We Capture All Business Formations

    The RAI New Business Formations Report counts all new business entities. Each time someone takes the step to file formation paperwork with their state’s secretary of state or equivalent agency, our report counts that as one formation. This is regardless of whether or not the business goes on to apply for an EIN and pay payroll taxes.

    Note: Our data is based on the most recent numbers available. As state agencies begin to report more accurate data, we may update some numbers.

    We Release The Most Recent Data

    Our data is available the second Tuesday of every month and covers the most recent month. Because there is often a lag between the time someone forms an entity and applies for an EIN, our numbers reflect a more up-to-date snapshot than the statistics offered by the U.S. Census Bureau. Our report reflects the number of new businesses formed the previous month, every month.

    We Break Down Formations by State

    Our report is the only report available that breaks down business formations in the previous month by state. Rather than providing a federal-level count of EIN applications, we provide a state-by-state breakdown of new entities, which can allow insight into regulatory impacts, regional booms, and the effects of population growth, among other trends.

    Learn more about Registered Agents Inc.

    Frequently Asked Questions

    Who creates the Business Formation Report?

    A team of data analysts, software engineers, customer service representatives and writers at Registered Agents Inc works together to compile the Business Formation Report each month.

    Where does the data in the Business Formation Report come from?

    Business formation data is collected from the Secretary of State or equivalent agency of each state, when it becomes available.  Customer sentiment data is collected directly from clients to provide snapshot of economic outlook.

    Is this report politically affiliated?

    No. At Registered Agents Inc, we have one mission: to support small business owners at every step of their journey. Our mission, and the ways in which we fulfill it, is independent of any political leanings. We have no affiliation with political parties or politically driven groups.

    Can I access past reports?

    Yes! You can access monthly Business Formation Reports going back to September of 2024. Check out our Newsroom.

    How should I interpret regional or seasonal fluctuations in business formation volumes?

    Interpreting data requires a nuanced approach that cross-references other data points or resources. For example, fluctuations could be affected by policy changes, GDP growth, consumer confidence, interest rates, market demand, and even the weather.

    Why do so many businesses file in Wyoming? 

    Many remote businesses choose to file in Wyoming because the state offers strong privacy protections. Wyoming is one of the few states in the country where LLC owners do not have to list their names and addresses on the public record (if they hire a registered agent).

    Why are so many businesses formed in Delaware? 

    Delaware is a popular state to start a business in for a few reasons. First, it has strong privacy protections, allowing owners to start a business without listing their personal information on the public record. Secondly, there’s no state corporate income tax on income earned out of state. This benefits businesses operating outside of Delaware, but incorporated within the state.

    What does the report consider a business formation? 

    Every time someone files Articles of Organization or Incorporation with their state business division, we count that as one business formation.

    Unlike the US Census Bureau Business Statistics report, we do not differentiate between business entities that go on to hire employees and file payroll taxes. We count every entity formed, so our numbers include holding companies, single-member LLCs, and non-employer businesses.

    Questions? Get in Touch!

    Published: December 9, 2025